Sodele,
ich dokumentiere mal was ganz gut ist in Sachen Webseiten Security und .htaccess möglich ist.
Könnt gerne euer Feedback geben bzw Fragen stellen. Über die Htaccess kann man schon einiges im Hinblick auf Sicherheit machen. Ich fang einfach mal an mit einer "einfachen" Variante, die auf den meisten Webhosting Paketen laufen sollte. Also nicht nur bei SEO-NW
Ein wenig versuche ich das auch zu dokumentieren. Bei Fragen einfach Fragen. Wer das hochlädt, sollte ein Backup seiner alten htaccess machen und bei einem Server Error in die Logs schauen. Eine erweiterte htaccess stelle ich bei gelegenheit auch zur Verfügung. Diese funktioniert allerdings nicht bei jedem Webhoster!
Sodele da ist se:
Apache Configuration
##### RewriteEngine enabled - BEGIN
RewriteEngine On
##### RewriteEngine enabled - END
##### RewriteBase set - BEGIN
RewriteBase /
##### RewriteBase set - END
##### HTTP to HTTPS redirection
## Since you have enabled HSTS the first redirection rule will instruct the browser to visit the HTTPS version of your
## site. This prevents unsafe redirections through HTTP.
RewriteCond %{HTTPS} !=on [OR]
RewriteCond %{HTTP:X-Forwarded-Proto} =http
RewriteRule .* https://beispiel.rocks/seo-nw.de%{REQUEST_URI} [L,R=301]
##### Custom Rules (Top of File) -- BEGIN
# Deflate Compression by FileType
<IfModule mod_deflate.c>
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/plain
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/xml
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/css
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/javascript
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/xml
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/xhtml+xml
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/rss+xml
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/atom_xml
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/javascript
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/x-javascript
AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/x-shockwave-flash
</IfModule>
<IfModule mod_expires.c>
ExpiresActive On
ExpiresByType application/x-javascript A1209600
ExpiresByType text/javascript A1209600
ExpiresByType application/javascript A1209600
ExpiresByType text/css A31536000
ExpiresByType image/x-icon A2592000
ExpiresByType image/icon A2592000
ExpiresByType application/x-ico A2592000
ExpiresByType application/ico A2592000
ExpiresByType image/gif A2592000
ExpiresByType image/jpeg A1209600
ExpiresByType image/jpg A1209600
ExpiresByType image/png A1209600
ExpiresByType application/x-shockwave-flash A1209600
ExpiresByType font/ttf A2592000
ExpiresByType font/otf A2592000
ExpiresByType font/x-woff A2592000
ExpiresByType image/svg+xml A2592000
ExpiresByType font/truetype A2592000
ExpiresByType font/opentype A2592000
ExpiresByType application/x-font-woff A2592000
ExpiresByType application/vnd.ms-fontobject A2592000
</IfModule>
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
Header set Connection keep-alive
<filesmatch "\.(ico|flv|gif|swf|eot|woff|otf|ttf|svg)$">
Header set Cache-Control "max-age=2592000, public"
</filesmatch>
<filesmatch "\.(jpg|jpeg|png)$">
Header set Cache-Control "max-age=1209600, public"
</filesmatch>
<filesmatch "\.(eot|woff|otf|ttf|svg)$">
Header set Cache-Control "max-age=2592000, public"
</filesmatch>
# css and js should use private for proxy caching https://beispiel.rocks/developers.google.com/speed/docs/best-practices/caching#LeverageProxyCaching
<filesmatch "\.(css)$">
Header set Cache-Control "max-age=31536000, private"
</filesmatch>
<filesmatch "\.(js)$">
Header set Cache-Control "max-age=1209600, private"
</filesmatch>
</IfModule>
##### Custom Rules (Top of File) -- END
##### File execution order -- BEGIN
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
##### File execution order -- END
##### No directory listings -- BEGIN
IndexIgnore *
Options -Indexes
##### No directory listings -- END
##### Redirect index.php to / -- BEGIN
RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} !^POST
RewriteCond %{THE_REQUEST} ^[A-Z]{3,9}\ /index\.php\ HTTP/
RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT}>s ^(443>(s)|[0-9]+>s)$
RewriteRule ^index\.php$ http%2://seo-nw.de/ [R=301,L]
##### Redirect index.php to / -- END
##### Redirect www to non-www -- BEGIN
RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^www\.(.+)$ [NC]
RewriteRule ^(.*)$ https://beispiel.rocks/%1/$1 [R=301,L]
##### Redirect www to non-www -- END
##### Rewrite rules to block out some common exploits -- BEGIN
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} proc/self/environ [OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} mosConfig_[a-zA-Z_]{1,21}(=|\%3D) [OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} base64_(en|de)code\(.*\) [OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} (<|%3C).*script.*(>|%3E) [NC,OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} GLOBALS(=|\[|\%[0-9A-Z]{0,2}) [OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} _REQUEST(=|\[|\%[0-9A-Z]{0,2})
RewriteRule .* index.php [F]
##### Rewrite rules to block out some common exploits -- END
##### File injection protection -- BEGIN
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_METHOD} GET
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} [a-zA-Z0-9_]=http[s]?:// [OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} [a-zA-Z0-9_]=(\.\.//?)+ [OR]
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} [a-zA-Z0-9_]=/([a-z0-9_.]//?)+ [NC]
RewriteRule .* - [F]
##### File injection protection -- END
##### Advanced server protection rules exceptions -- BEGIN Nur fuer Joomla!
RewriteRule ^administrator\/components\/com_joomlaupdate\/restore\.php$ - [L]
RewriteRule ^templates\/your_template_name_here/ - [L]
##### Advanced server protection rules exceptions -- END
##### Advanced server protection -- BEGIN
RewriteCond %{QUERY_STRING} \=PHP[a-f0-9]{8}-[a-f0-9]{4}-[a-f0-9]{4}-[a-f0-9]{4}-[a-f0-9]{12} [NC]
RewriteRule .* - [F]
## Back-end protection
RewriteRule ^administrator/?$ - [L]
RewriteRule ^administrator/index\.(php|html?)$ - [L]
RewriteRule ^administrator/index[23]\.php$ - [L]
RewriteRule ^administrator/(components|modules|templates|images|plugins)/.*\.(jpe|jpg|jpeg|jp2|jpe2|png|gif|bmp|css|js|swf|html|mpg|mp3|mpeg|mp4|avi|wav|ogg|ogv|xls|xlsx|doc|docx|ppt|pptx|zip|rar|pdf|xps|txt|7z|svg|odt|ods|odp|flv|mov|htm|ttf|woff|woff2|eot|JPG|JPEG|PNG|GIF|CSS|JS|TTF|WOFF|WOFF2|EOT)$ - [L]
RewriteRule ^administrator/ - [F]
## Allow limited access for certain Joomla! system directories with client-accessible content
RewriteRule ^(components|modules|templates|images|plugins|media|libraries|media/jui/fonts)/.*\.(jpe|jpg|jpeg|jp2|jpe2|png|gif|bmp|css|js|swf|html|mpg|mp3|mpeg|mp4|avi|wav|ogg|ogv|xls|xlsx|doc|docx|ppt|pptx|zip|rar|pdf|xps|txt|7z|svg|odt|ods|odp|flv|mov|ico|htm|ttf|woff|woff2|eot|JPG|JPEG|PNG|GIF|CSS|JS|TTF|WOFF|WOFF2|EOT)$ - [L]
RewriteRule ^(components|modules|templates|images|plugins|media|libraries|media/jui/fonts)/ - [F]
## Disallow front-end access for certain Joomla! system directories (unless access to their files is allowed above)
RewriteRule ^includes/js/ - [L]
RewriteRule ^(cache|includes|language|logs|log|tmp)/ - [F]
RewriteRule ^(configuration\.php|CONTRIBUTING\.md|htaccess\.txt|joomla\.xml|LICENSE\.txt|phpunit\.xml|README\.txt|web\.config\.txt) - [F]
## Disallow access to rogue PHP files throughout the site, unless they are explicitly allowed
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} (\.php)$
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !(/index[23]?\.php)$
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} -f
RewriteRule (.*\.php)$ - [F]
## Disallow access to htaccess.txt, php.ini and configuration.php-dist
RewriteRule ^(htaccess\.txt|configuration\.php-dist|php\.ini)$ - [F]
## Protect against clickjacking
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
Header always append X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN
# The `X-Frame-Options` response header should be send only for
# HTML documents and not for the other resources.
<FilesMatch "\.(appcache|atom|bbaw|bmp|crx|css|cur|eot|f4[abpv]|flv|geojson|gif|htc|ico|jpe?g|js|json(ld)?|m4[av]|manifest|map|mp4|oex|og[agv]|opus|otf|pdf|png|rdf|rss|safariextz|svgz?|swf|topojson|tt[cf]|txt|vcard|vcf|vtt|webapp|web[mp]|woff2?|xloc|xml|xpi)$">
Header unset X-Frame-Options
</FilesMatch>
</IfModule>
## Reduce MIME type security risks
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
Header set X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff"
</IfModule>
## Reflected XSS prevention
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
Header set X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block"
</IfModule>
# mod_headers cannot match based on the content-type, however,
# the X-XSS-Protection response header should be send only for
# HTML documents and not for the other resources.
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
<FilesMatch "\.(appcache|atom|bbaw|bmp|crx|css|cur|eot|f4[abpv]|flv|geojson|gif|htc|ico|jpe?g|js|json(ld)?|m4[av]|manifest|map|mp4|oex|og[agv]|opus|otf|pdf|png|rdf|rss|safariextz|svgz?|swf|topojson|tt[cf]|txt|vcard|vcf|vtt|webapp|web[mp]|webmanifest|woff2?|xloc|xml|xpi)$">
Header unset X-XSS-Protection
</FilesMatch>
</IfModule>
## Remove Apache and PHP version signature
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
Header unset X-Powered-By
</IfModule>
ServerSignature Off
## Prevent content transformation
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
Header merge Cache-Control "no-transform"
</IfModule>
##### Advanced server protection -- END
## HSTS Header - See https://beispiel.rocks/beispiel.rocks/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTTP_Strict_Transport_Security
<IfModule mod_headers.c>
Header always set Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000" env=HTTPS
</IfModule>
## Set the UTF-8 character set as the default
# Serve all resources labeled as `text/html` or `text/plain`
# with the media type `charset` parameter set to `UTF-8`.
AddDefaultCharset utf-8
# Serve the following file types with the media type `charset`
# parameter set to `UTF-8`.
#
# https://beispiel.rocks/httpd.apache.org/docs/current/mod/mod_mime.html#addcharset
<IfModule mod_mime.c>
AddCharset utf-8 .atom \
.bbaw \
.css \
.geojson \
.js \
.json \
.jsonld \
.rdf \
.rss \
.topojson \
.vtt \
.webapp \
.xloc \
.xml
</IfModule>
##### Joomla! core SEF Section -- BEGIN
RewriteRule .* - [E=HTTP_AUTHORIZATION:%{HTTP:Authorization}]
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_URI} !^/index\.php
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
RewriteRule .* index.php [L]
##### Joomla! core SEF Section -- END
